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EITC/WD/WPF WordPress Fundamentals

Monday, 01 March 2021 by admin

EITC/WD/WPF WordPress Fundamentals is the European IT Certification programme in web development focused on building and managing web sites in one of the most popular and versatile Content Management Systems – WordPress.

The curriculum of the EITC/WD/WPF WordPress Fundamentals focuses on creating and managing advanced web sites with the open source Content Management System called WordPress (currently powering majority of dynamic web sites in the Internet) organized within the following structure, encompassing comprehensive video didactic content as a reference for this EITC Certification.

WordPress is a free and open-source content management system (CMS) written in PHP and paired with a MySQL or MariaDB database. Its features include a plugin architecture and a template system, referred to within WordPress as Themes. WordPress was originally created as a blog-publishing system but has evolved to support other web content types including more traditional mailing lists and forums, media galleries, membership sites, learning management systems (LMS) and online stores. WordPress is used by more than 40.5% of the top 10 million websites as of 2021 and is one of the most popular content management system solutions in use (this constitutes its confirmed use by 64.5% of all the websites whose content management system is known).

WordPress was released on May 27, 2003, by its founders, American developer Matt Mullenweg and English developer Mike Little, as a fork of b2/cafelog. The software is released under the GPLv2 (or later) license.

To function, WordPress has to be installed on a web server, either part of an Internet hosting service like WordPress.com or a computer running the software package WordPress.org in order to serve as a network host in its own right. A local computer may be used for single-user testing and learning purposes.

“WordPress is a factory that makes webpages” is a core analogy designed to clarify the functions of WordPress: it stores content and enables a user to create and publish webpages, requiring nothing beyond a domain and a hosting service.

WordPress has a web template system using a template processor. Its architecture is a front controller, routing all requests for non-static URIs to a single PHP file which parses the URI and identifies the target page. This allows support for more human-readable permalinks.

WordPress features include:

  • Themes: WordPress users may install and switch among different themes. Themes allow users to change the look and functionality of a WordPress website without altering the core code or site content. Every WordPress website requires at least one theme to be present and every theme should be designed using WordPress standards with structured PHP, valid HTML (HyperText Markup Language), and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS). Themes may be directly installed using the WordPress “Appearance” administration tool in the dashboard, or theme folders may be copied directly into the themes directory, for example, via FTP. The PHP, HTML and CSS found in themes can be directly modified to alter theme behavior, or a theme can be a “child” theme that inherits settings from another theme and selectively overrides features. WordPress themes are generally classified into two categories: free and premium. Many free themes are listed in the WordPress theme directory (also known as the repository), and premium themes are available for purchase from marketplaces and individual WordPress developers. WordPress users may also create and develop their own custom themes. The free theme Underscores created by the WordPress developers has become a popular basis for new themes.
  • Plugins: WordPress’ plugin architecture allows users to extend the features and functionality of a website or blog. As of January 2021, WordPress.org has 58,164 plugins available, each of which offers custom functions and features enabling users to tailor their sites to their specific needs. However, this does not include the premium plugins that are available (approximately 1,500+), which may not be listed in the WordPress.org repository. These customizations range from search engine optimization (SEO), to client portals used to display private information to logged-in users, to content management systems, to content displaying features, such as the addition of widgets and navigation bars. Not all available plugins are always abreast with the upgrades, and as a result, they may not function properly or may not function at all. Most plugins are available through WordPress themselves, either via downloading them and installing the files manually via FTP or through the WordPress dashboard. However, many third parties offer plugins through their own websites, many of which are paid packages. Web developers who wish to develop plugins need to learn WordPress’ hook system which consists of over 300 hooks divided into two categories: action hooks and filter hooks.
  • Mobile applications: Phone apps for WordPress exist for WebOS, Android, iOS (iPhone, iPod Touch, iPad), Windows Phone, and BlackBerry. These applications, designed by Automattic, have options such as adding new blog posts and pages, commenting, moderating comments, replying to comments in addition to the ability to view the stats.
  • Accessibility: The WordPress Accessibility Team has worked to improve the accessibility for core WordPress as well as support a clear identification of accessible themes. The WordPress Accessibility Team provides continuing educational support about web accessibility and inclusive design. The WordPress Accessibility Coding Standards state that “All new or updated code released in WordPress must conform with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0 at level AA.”
  • Other features: WordPress also features integrated link management; a search engine–friendly, clean permalink structure; the ability to assign multiple categories to posts; and support for tagging of posts. Automatic filters are also included, providing standardized formatting and styling of text in posts (for example, converting regular quotes to smart quotes). WordPress also supports the Trackback and Pingback standards for displaying links to other sites that have themselves linked to a post or an article. WordPress posts can be edited in HTML, using the visual editor, or using one of a number of plugins that allow for a variety of customized editing features.

Prior to version 3, WordPress supported one blog per installation, although multiple concurrent copies may be run from different directories if configured to use separate database tables. WordPress Multisites (previously referred to as WordPress Multi-User, WordPress MU, or WPMU) was a fork of WordPress created to allow multiple blogs to exist within one installation but is able to be administered by a centralized maintainer. WordPress MU makes it possible for those with websites to host their own blogging communities, as well as control and moderate all the blogs from a single dashboard. WordPress MS adds eight new data tables for each blog. As of the release of WordPress 3, WordPress MU has merged with WordPress.

From a historic perspective, b2/cafelog, more commonly known as b2 or cafelog, was the precursor to WordPress. The b2/cafelog was estimated to have been installed on approximately 2,000 blogs as of May 2003. It was written in PHP for use with MySQL by Michel Valdrighi, who is now a contributing developer to WordPress. Although WordPress is the official successor, another project, b2evolution, is also in active development. WordPress first appeared in 2003 as a joint effort between Matt Mullenweg and Mike Little to create a fork of b2. Christine Selleck Tremoulet, a friend of Mullenweg, suggested the name WordPress. In 2004 the licensing terms for the competing Movable Type package were changed by Six Apart, resulting in many of its most influential users migrating to WordPress. By October 2009 the Open Source CMS MarketShare Report concluded that WordPress enjoyed the greatest brand strength of any open-source content management system. As of March 2021, WordPress is used by 64.5% of all the websites whose content management system is known. This is 40.5% of the top 10 million websites.

To acquaint yourself in-detail with the certification curriculum you can expand and analyze the table below.

The EITC/WD/WPF WordPress Fundamentals Certification Curriculum references open-access didactic materials in a video form. Learning process is divided into a step-by-step structure (programmes -> lessons -> topics) covering relevant curriculum parts. Unlimited consultancy with domain experts are also provided.
For details on the Certification procedure check How it Works.

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EITC/WD/EWP Elementor for WordPress

Thursday, 25 February 2021 by admin

EITC/WD/EWP Elementor for WordPress is the European IT Certification programme on front-end web design in WordPress Content Management System based on Elementor, a visual web builder plugin.

The curriculum of the EITC/WD/EWP Elementor for WordPress focuses on knowledge and practical skills in visual web designing techniques from the front-end’s perspective based on WordPress CMS Elementor plugin organized within the following structure, encompassing comprehensive video didactic content as a reference for this EITC Certification.

The Elementor website builder allows WordPress users to create and edit websites by employing the visual drag and drop techniques, with a built-in responsive mode. In addition to a freemium version, Elementor also offers a premium version of its WordPress website builder — Elementor Pro, which includes additional features and over 6 add-ons. As of 2021, Elementor is a leading WordPress visual web builder, available in over 57 languages and is the 5th most popular WordPress plugin overall, with over 5 million active installations worldwide. It is an open-source, GPLv3 licensed platform which powers estimated 2.24% of the top 1M websites in the world.

Elementor is a drag & drop visual web editor. It is considered to be one of the most intuitive editors in WordPress. Simply drag, drop and customize. It allows users to choose from over 300 individually crafted templates, designed to fit every industry and need. It features dozens of widgets to create any content of web sites: buttons, headlines, forms, etc. It also features integrated responsive editing, enabling users to switch to mobile view, and tweak every element to make it look perfect on any device. It has a Popup Builder, which gives the freedom to create pixel-perfect popups, including advanced targeting options, a Theme Builder, which is a visual guide to the website creation, giving immediate access to each site part, right within the editor. It also features the WooCommerce Builder enabling to take control over the WooCommerce online store by utilizing the power of Elementor.

The workflow of the Elementor includes following features:

  • No Coding: Reach high-end designs, without any coding. The resulting page code is compact and optimized for every device.
  • Navigator: Navigate between all page elements or layers, quickly glance custom changes and easily access them via indicators
  • Full Site Editor: Design your entire site from one place, including your header, footer and content.
  • Finder: A search bar that offers easy navigation between different pages & dashboard settings.
  • Hotkeys: Hotkeys are keyboard shortcuts that save you time when performing various actions.
  • Shortcut Cheatsheet: A window that pops out and shows you the full list of shortcuts.
  • Redo Undo: Quickly undo any mistakes with a simple CTRL / CMD Z.
  • Auto Save: No more need to click save. Your work is continuously saved and backed-up automatically.
  • Revision History: With Revision History, your entire page creation process is saved and can be easily re-traced.
  • Draft Mode: Published a page and want to continue working on it? No problem, simply save it as a draft.
  • Copy Paste: Quickly copy any element and paste it to a different place on the page, or to an entirely different page on your site.
  • Copy Style: Copy the entire styling from a widget, column or section and paste it to another element with a click.
  • In-line Editing: Use the in-line editing feature to type directly on-screen, and make blog post and content writing an easy and intuitive process.
  • Global Widget: Save your favorite widget settings and reuse the widget on any page with a simple drag and drop.
  • Dark Mode: Elementor Dark Mode feature allows you to design in darker environments, saves power and is great for the environment.
  • Site Settings: Control all global elements of your site from one convenient place – including site identity, lightbox settings, layout and theme styles.

The design features of the Elementor include:

  • Global Fonts: Set your choices for all fonts on your site – from titles, paragraphs, and even button text. Access and apply them wherever you need, in just one click.
  • Global Colors: Define your site’s design system with global colors. Save them once and apply them to any element on your site.
  • Global Custom CSS: Add custom CSS globally and apply them throughout your entire site.
  • Background Gradients: With Elementor, it’s easy to add background gradient colors to any WordPress page or post.
  • Background Videos: Make your background come alive by adding interesting background videos to your sections.
  • Background Overlay: Add another layer of color, gradient or image above your background.
  • Enhanced Background Images: Customize responsive background images per device, and set its’ custom position and size.
  • Background Slideshow: Create a slideshow and use it as the background for any section or column on your site.
  • Elementor Canvas: Switch to the Elementor Canvas template, and design your entire landing page in Elementor, without having to deal with the header or footer.
  • Blend Modes: Mix up backgrounds and background overlays to create spectacular blend mode effects.
  • CSS Filters: Using CSS filters, you can play around with the image settings and add amazing effects.
  • Shape Divider: Add striking shapes to separate the sections of your page. Make them really stand out with a variety of SVG, Icons, and texts inside the shape divider.
  • Box Shadow: Set custom made box shadows visually, without having to deal with CSS.
  • Absolute Position: Use Absolute Positioning to drag any widget to any location on the page, regardless of the grid.
  • One-Page Websites: Create a one page website that includes click to scroll navigation, as well as all the needed sections of a website.
  • Motion Effects: Add interactions and animations to your site using Scrolling Effects and Mouse Effects.
  • Icons Library: Upload and browse thousands of amazing icons
  • SVG Icons: Create smart, flexible and light icons in any size. The behavior of SVG icons allow them to be super customizable.
  • Theme Style: Take over your theme design, including heading, button, form field, background, and image styles.

The use cases of Elementor also features dedicated marketing elements, such as:

  • Landing Pages: Creating and managing landing pages has never been this easy, all within your current WordPress website.
  • Form Widget: Goodbye backend! Create all your forms live, right from the Elementor editor.
  • Popup Builder: Popup Builder gives you the freedom to create pixel-perfect popups, including advanced targeting options
  • Testimonial Carousel Widget: Increase your business’ social proof by adding a rotating testimonial carousel of your most supportive customers.
  • Countdown Widget: Increase the sense of urgency by adding a countdown timer to your offer.
  • Rating Star Widget: Add some social proof to your website by including a star rating and styling it to your liking.
  • Multi-Step Form: The Multi-Step feature allows you to split your form into steps, for better user experience and greater conversion rates.
  • Action Links: Easily connect with your audience via WhatsApp, Waze, Google Calendar & more apps

To acquaint yourself in-detail with the certification curriculum you can expand and analyze the table below.

The EITC/WD/EWP Elementor for WordPress Certification Curriculum references open-access didactic materials in a video form. Learning process is divided into a step-by-step structure (programmes -> lessons -> topics) covering relevant curriculum parts. Unlimited consultancy with domain experts are also provided.
For details on the Certification procedure check How it Works.

Read more
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EITC/WD/PMSF PHP and MySQL Fundamentals

Tuesday, 02 February 2021 by admin

EITC/WD/PMSF PHP and MySQL Fundamentals is the European IT Certification programme on the fundamentals of the PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor and the MySQL, an open-source Relational Database Management System, which constitute basic technologies for the dynamic web pages generation and the technology of Content Management Systems (CMS).

The curriculum of the EITC/WD/PMSF PHP and MySQL Fundamentals focuses on practical skills in PHP and MySQL for dynamic web sites development organized within the following structure, encompassing comprehensive video didactic content as a reference for this EITC Certification.

PHP and MySQL are considered standard competences for dynamic web sites developers. PHP as a scripting language is commonly used to generate dynamic content of websites by working with a server’s web site database. The most common relational database management system is an open-source system called MySQL. Majority of web sites on Internet is run by the pair of these two technologies (additionaly powered by Linux open-source operating system and the open-source Apache web server, together making a LAMP technology stack: Linux-Apache-MySQL-PHP, powering most of the most), with most popular Content Management Systems (CMS) also programmed in PHP and MySQL. All professional web developers should be proficient with both PHP and MySQL technologies.

PHP is a general-purpose scripting language especially suited to web development. It was originally created by Danish-Canadian programmer Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994. The PHP reference implementation is now produced by the PHP Group. PHP originally stood for Personal Home Page, but it now stands for the recursive initialism PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor. PHP code is usually processed on a web server by a PHP interpreter implemented as a module, a daemon or as a Common Gateway Interface (CGI) executable. On a web server, the result of the interpreted and executed PHP code – which may be any type of data, such as generated HTML or binary image data – would form the whole or part of an HTTP response. Various web template systems, web content management systems, and web frameworks exist which can be employed to orchestrate or facilitate the generation of that response. Additionally, PHP can be used for many programming tasks outside of the web context, such as standalone graphical applications and robotic drone control. Arbitrary PHP code can also be interpreted and executed via command-line interface (CLI). The standard PHP interpreter, powered by the Zend Engine, is free software released under the PHP License. PHP has been widely ported and can be deployed on most web servers on almost every operating system and platform, free of charge. The PHP language evolved without a written formal specification or standard until 2014, with the original implementation acting as the de facto standard which other implementations aimed to follow. Since 2014, work has gone on to create a formal PHP specification.

MySQL is an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS). Its name is a combination of My, the name of co-founder Michael Widenius’s daughter, and SQL, the abbreviation for Structured Query Language. A relational database organizes data into one or more data tables in which data types may be related to each other; these relations help structure the data. SQL is a language programmers use to create, modify and extract data from the relational database, as well as control user access to the database. In addition to relational databases and SQL, an RDBMS like MySQL works with an operating system to implement a relational database in a computer’s storage system, manages users, allows for network access and facilitates testing database integrity and creation of backups. MySQL is free and open-source software under the terms of the GNU General Public License, and is also available under a variety of proprietary licenses. MySQL was owned and sponsored by the Swedish company MySQL AB, which was bought by Sun Microsystems (now Oracle Corporation). In 2010, when Oracle acquired Sun, Widenius forked the open-source MySQL project to create MariaDB. MySQL has stand-alone clients that allow users to interact directly with a MySQL database using SQL, but more often MySQL is used with other programs to implement applications that need relational database capability. MySQL is a component of the LAMP web application software stack (and others), which is an acronym for Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python. MySQL is used by many database-driven web applications, including Drupal, Joomla, phpBB, and WordPress. MySQL is also used by many popular websites, including Facebook, Twitter or YouTube.

To acquaint yourself in-detail with the certification curriculum you can expand and analyze the table below.

The EITC/WD/PMSF PHP and MySQL Fundamentals Certification Curriculum references open-access didactic materials in a video form. Learning process is divided into a step-by-step structure (programmes -> lessons -> topics) covering relevant curriculum parts. Unlimited consultancy with domain experts are also provided.
For details on the Certification procedure check How it Works.

Read more
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EITC/WD/HCF HTML and CSS Fundamentals

Monday, 01 February 2021 by admin

EITC/WD/HCF HTML and CSS Fundamentals is the European IT Certification programme on the fundamentals of the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and the Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) language which constitute the most basic technologies for the World Wide Web.

The curriculum of the EITC/WD/HCF HTML and CSS Fundamentals focuses on practical skills in HTML and CSS for web sites development organized within the following structure, encompassing comprehensive video didactic content as a reference for this EITC Certification.

HTML and CSS are two pillars of the World Wide Web. The Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is a standard to code web pages to be displayed in web browsers, while the Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a standard used for styling web pages, or more formally describing the presentation of a web document written in HTML. All web developers should know at least basics of HTML and CSS to be able to work with web sites (even when using visual editors and advanced developer tools).

The Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language for documents designed to be displayed in a web browser. The markup language is for annotating a document in a way that is syntactically distinguishable from the text,so that when the document is processed for display, the markup language is not shown, and is only used to format the text properly. The markup term evolved from the “marking up” of paper manuscripts (in a revision process by editors), traditionally written with other color on authors’ manuscripts. Such markup typically includes both content corrections (such as spelling, punctuation, or movement of content), and also typographic instructions, such as to make a heading larger or boldface. In digital media, the colored markup instruction (text) was replaced by tags which indicate what the parts of the document are, rather than details of how they might be shown on some display. This lets authors avoid formatting every instance of the same kind of thing redundantly and possibly inconsistently. It also avoids the specification of fonts and dimensions which may not apply to many users (such as those with different-size displays, impaired vision and screen-reading software). The HTML is a standard markup language used in WWW. It can be assisted by technologies such as Cascading Style Sheets (CSS, for applying styling of the document) and scripting languages such as JavaScript (enabling dynamic logic on the side of the web browser). Web browsers receive HTML documents from a web server or from local storage and render the documents into multimedia web pages. HTML describes the structure of a web page semantically and originally included cues for the appearance of the document. HTML elements are the building blocks of HTML pages. With HTML constructs, images and other objects such as interactive forms may be embedded into the rendered page. HTML provides means to create structured documents by denoting structural semantics for text such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links, quotes and other items. HTML elements are delineated by tags, written using angle brackets. Tags such as <img /> and <input /> directly introduce content into the page. Other tags such as <p> surround and provide information about document text and may include other tags as sub-elements. Browsers do not display the HTML tags, but use them to interpret the content of the page. HTML can embed programs written in a scripting language such as JavaScript, which affects the behavior and content of web pages dynamically.

The Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet computer language used for describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language such as HTML. One important feature of structured documents is that the content can be reused in many contexts and presented in various ways. Different style sheets can be attached to the logical structure to produce different presentations. CSS is a cornerstone technology of the World Wide Web, alongside HTML and JavaScript. Inclusion of CSS defines the look and layout of the content of web sites. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), former maintainer of the HTML and current maintainer of the CSS standards, has encouraged the use of CSS over explicit presentational HTML since 1997. CSS is designed to enable separation of presentation and content, including layout, colors, and fonts, thus improving the content accessibility, providing more flexibility and control in the specification of presentation characteristics, enabling multiple web pages to share formatting by specifying the relevant CSS in separate .css files which reduces complexity and repetition in the structural content as well as enabling the .css files to be cached to improve the page loads speed between the pages that share the file and its formatting. Separation of formatting and content also makes it feasible to present the same markup page in different styles for different rendering methods, such as on-screen, in print, by voice (via speech-based browser or screen reader), and on Braille-based tactile devices. CSS also has rules for alternate formatting if the content is accessed on a mobile devices. The CSS name, ‘cascading’ comes from the specified priority scheme to determine which style rule applies if more than one rule matches a particular element. In addition to HTML, other markup languages support the use of CSS including XHTML, plain XML, SVG, and XUL.

To acquaint yourself in-detail with the certification curriculum you can expand and analyze the table below.

The EITC/WD/HCF HTML and CSS Fundamentals Certification Curriculum references open-access didactic materials in a video form. Learning process is divided into a step-by-step structure (programmes -> lessons -> topics) covering relevant curriculum parts. Unlimited consultancy with domain experts are also provided.
For details on the Certification procedure check How it Works.

Read more
No Comments

EITC/WD/JSF JavaScript Fundamentals

Monday, 01 February 2021 by admin

EITC/WD/JSF JavaScript Fundamentals is the European IT Certification programme on the fundamentals of JavaScript web sites programming language.

The curriculum of the EITC/WD/JSF JavaScript Fundamentals focuses on practical skills in JavaScript web sites programming organized within 15 sections, encompassing comprehensive video didactic content as a reference for this EITC Certification.

JavaScript is a programming language enabling interactive web pages development and is considered to be an essential part of modern web applications. Alongside HTML and CSS, JavaScript is one of the core technologies of the World Wide Web. The vast majority of websites use it for client-side page behavior, and all major web browsers have a dedicated JavaScript engine to execute it. As a multi-paradigm language, JavaScript supports event-driven, functional, and imperative programming styles. It has application programming interfaces (APIs) for working with text, dates, regular expressions, standard data structures, and the Document Object Model (DOM). Although there are similarities between JavaScript and Java, including language name, syntax, and respective standard libraries, the two languages are distinct and differ significantly in design. JavaScript engines were originally used only in web browsers, but they are now core components of other runtime systems, such as Node.js and Deno. These systems are used to build servers and are also integrated into frameworks, such as Electron and Cordova, for creating a variety of applications.

JavaScript, often abbreviated as JS, is a programming language that conforms to the ECMAScript specification. JavaScript is high-level, often just-in-time compiled, and multi-paradigm. It has curly-bracket syntax, dynamic typing, prototype-based object-orientation, and first-class functions.

The ECMAScript standard does not include any input/output (I/O), such as networking, storage, or graphics facilities. In practice, the web browser or other runtime system provides JavaScript APIs for I/O.

The Mosaic web browser was released in 1993. As the first browser with a graphical user interface accessible to non-technical people, it played a prominent role in the rapid growth of the nascent World Wide Web. The lead developers of Mosaic then founded the Netscape corporation, which released a more polished browser, Netscape Navigator, in 1994. Navigator quickly became the most used browser. During these formative years of the Web, web pages could only be static, lacking the capability for dynamic behavior after the page was loaded in the browser. There was a desire in the burgeoning web development scene to remove this limitation, so in 1995, Netscape decided to add a scripting language to Navigator. They pursued two routes to achieve this: collaborating with Sun Microsystems to embed the Java programming language, while also hiring Brendan Eich to embed the Scheme language. Netscape management soon decided that the best option was for Eich to devise a new language, with syntax similar to Java and less like Scheme or other extant scripting languages. Although the new language and its interpreter implementation were officially called LiveScript when first shipped as part of a Navigator release in September 1995, the name was changed to JavaScript three months later. The choice of the JavaScript name has caused confusion, sometimes giving the impression that it is a spin-off of Java. Since Java was the hot new programming language at the time, this has been characterized as a marketing ploy by Netscape to give its own new language cachet.

Microsoft debuted Internet Explorer in 1995, leading to a browser war with Netscape. On the JavaScript front, Microsoft reverse-engineered the Navigator interpreter to create its own, called JScript. JScript was first released in 1996, alongside initial support for CSS and extensions to HTML. Each of these implementations was noticeably different from their counterparts in Navigator. These differences made it difficult for developers to make their websites work well in both browsers, leading to widespread use of “best viewed in Netscape” and “best viewed in Internet Explorer” logos for several years.

In November 1996, Netscape submitted JavaScript to ECMA International, as the starting point for a standard specification that all browser vendors could conform to. This led to the official release of the first ECMAScript language specification in June 1997.

The standards process continued for a few years, with the release of ECMAScript 2 in June 1998 and ECMAScript 3 in December 1999. Work on ECMAScript 4 began in 2000.

Meanwhile, Microsoft gained an increasingly dominant position in the browser market. By the early 2000s, Internet Explorer’s market share reached 95%. This meant that JScript became the de facto standard for client-side scripting on the Web.

Microsoft initially participated in the standards process and implemented some proposals in its JScript language, but eventually it stopped collaborating on ECMA work. Thus ECMAScript 4 was mothballed.

During the period of Internet Explorer dominance in the early 2000s, client-side scripting was stagnant. This started to change in 2004, when the successor of Netscape, Mozilla, released the Firefox browser. Firefox was well received by many, taking significant market share from Internet Explorer. In 2005, Mozilla joined ECMA International, and work started on the ECMAScript for XML (E4X) standard. This led to Mozilla working jointly with Macromedia (later acquired by Adobe Systems), who were implementing E4X in their ActionScript 3 language, which was based on an ECMAScript 4 draft. The goal became standardizing ActionScript 3 as the new ECMAScript 4. To this end, Adobe Systems released the Tamarin implementation as an open source project. However, Tamarin and ActionScript 3 were too different from established client-side scripting, and without cooperation from Microsoft, ECMAScript 4 never reached fruition.

Meanwhile, very important developments were occurring in open-source communities not affiliated with ECMA work. In 2005, Jesse James Garrett released a white paper in which he coined the term Ajax and described a set of technologies, of which JavaScript was the backbone, to create web applications where data can be loaded in the background, avoiding the need for full page reloads. This sparked a renaissance period of JavaScript, spearheaded by open-source libraries and the communities that formed around them. Many new libraries were created, including jQuery, Prototype, Dojo Toolkit, and MooTools.

Google debuted its Chrome browser in 2008, with the V8 JavaScript engine that was faster than its competition. The key innovation was just-in-time compilation (JIT), so other browser vendors needed to overhaul their engines for JIT.

In July 2008, these disparate parties came together for a conference in Oslo. This led to the eventual agreement in early 2009 to combine all relevant work and drive the language forward. The result was the ECMAScript 5 standard, released in December 2009.

Ambitious work on the language continued for several years, culminating in an extensive collection of additions and refinements being formalized with the publication of ECMAScript 6 in 2015. The draft specification is currently maintained openly on GitHub, and ECMAScript editions are produced via regular annual snapshots. Potential revisions to the language are vetted through a comprehensive proposal process. Now, instead of edition numbers, developers check the status of upcoming features individually.

The current JavaScript ecosystem has many libraries and frameworks, established programming practices, and increased usage of JavaScript outside of web browsers. Plus, with the rise of single-page applications and other JavaScript-heavy websites, a number of transpilers have been created to aid the development process.

To acquaint yourself in-detail with the certification curriculum you can expand and analyze the table below.

The EITC/WD/JSF JavaScript Fundamentals Certification Curriculum references open-access didactic materials in a video form. Learning process is divided into a step-by-step structure (programmes -> lessons -> topics) covering relevant curriculum parts. Unlimited consultancy with domain experts are also provided.
For details on the Certification procedure check How it Works.

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EITC/WD/AD Adobe Dreamweaver

Sunday, 31 January 2021 by admin

EITC/WD/AD Adobe Dreamweaver is the European IT Certification programme in web design based on a visual software Dreamweaver by Adobe.

The curriculum of the EITC/WD/AD Adobe Dreamweaver focuses on visually creating appealing web sites organized within the following structure, encompassing comprehensive video didactic content by Adobe as a reference for this EITC Certification.

Adobe Dreamweaver CC is a web design and an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) application that is used to develop and design websites. Dreamweaver includes a code editor that supports syntax highlighting, code completion, real-time syntax checking, and code introspection for generating code hints to assist the user in writing code. Dreamweaver, like other HTML editors, edits files locally then uploads them to the remote web server using FTP, SFTP, or WebDAV. It supports version control systems and syntax highlighting for various relevant web programming languages.

Adobe Dreamweaver is a proprietary web development tool from Adobe Inc. It was created by Macromedia in 1997 and developed by them until Macromedia was acquired by Adobe Systems in 2005. Adobe Dreamweaver is available for the macOS and Windows operating systems.

Following Adobe’s acquisition of the Macromedia product suite, releases of Dreamweaver subsequent to version 8.0 have been more compliant with W3C standards. Recent versions have improved support for Web technologies such as CSS, JavaScript, and various server-side scripting languages and frameworks including ASP (ASP JavaScript, ASP VBScript, ASP.NET C#, ASP.NET VB), ColdFusion, Scriptlet, and PHP.

Since version 5, Dreamweaver supports syntax highlighting for the following languages:

  • ActionScript
  • Active Server Pages (ASP)
  • C#
  • Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
  • ColdFusion
  • EDML
  • Extensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML)
  • Extensible Markup Language (XML)
  • Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations (XSLT)
  • HyperText Markup Language (HTML)
  • Java
  • JavaScript
  • PHP
  • Visual Basic (VB)
  • Visual Basic Script Edition (VBScript)
  • Wireless Markup Language (WML)

Support for Active Server Pages (ASP) and JavaServer Pages was dropped in version CS5.

Users can add their language syntax highlighting. Code completion is available for many of these languages.

To acquaint yourself in-detail with the certification curriculum you can expand and analyze the table below.

The EITC/WD/AD Adobe Dreamweaver Certification Curriculum references open-access didactic materials in a video form. Learning process is divided into a step-by-step structure (programmes -> lessons -> topics) covering relevant curriculum parts. Unlimited consultancy with domain experts are also provided.
For details on the Certification procedure check How it Works.

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EITC/WD/GWD Google Web Designer

Saturday, 30 January 2021 by admin

EITC/WD/GWD Google Web Designer is the European IT Certification programme in web design focused on dynamic ads and rich media marketing based on a visual software Web Designer by Google.

The curriculum of the EITC/WD/GWD Google Web Designer focuses on creating dynamic web content (especially marketing ads) organized within the following structure, encompassing comprehensive video didactic content by Google as a reference for this EITC Certification.

Google Web Designer is a free software platform from Google enabling creating interactive HTML5 ads and other HTML5 content. It offers a GUI with common design tools, such as a Text tool that integrates with Google Web Fonts, a Shapes tool, a Pen tool, and 3D tools. The advertising feature set includes components to add Google Maps, YouTube videos and more, as well as automatically including the tracking code events for the ad systems. Google Web Designer’s Code view lets the user create CSS, JavaScript, and XML files, and uses syntax highlighting and code autocompletion that makes the code easier to write with fewer errors. Google Web Designer is a free software.

Google Web Designer is a program for Windows, Mac and Linux from Google for creating interactive HTML5 ads and other HTML5 content. It offers a GUI with common design tools, such as a Text tool that integrates with Google Web Fonts, a Shapes tool, a Pen tool, and 3D tools. The advertising feature set includes components to add Google Maps, YouTube videos and more, as well as automatically including the tracking code events for DoubleClick and AdMob.

Google Web Designer’s Code view lets the user create CSS, JavaScript, and XML files, and uses syntax highlighting and code autocompletion that makes the code easier to write with fewer errors. Google Web Designer is free to download and use.

With Google Web Designer you can create engaging, interactive HTML5-based designs and motion graphics that can run on any device.

The framework features:

  • Events – set up events to make your creative react to the user’s actions, even physical gestures like touch, rotation, or shaking on mobile devices. Use preset events, or build your own from scratch with JavaScript.
  • Components – drag and drop components into your project to instantly add functionality such as image galleries, video players, maps, and more. Plus, each component automatically reports metrics no coding required.
  • Pages – create multiple pages to include multiple scenes within a project. Let your audience switch to a different experience while still viewing the same creative.
  • Dynamic Workflow – tailor your ad to your audience with the dynamic ad workflow. Connect elements to data signals and preview how your creative looks with sample feed data.
  • Animation Modes – animate by stringing together simple scenes in Quick mode or by using layers on a timeline in Advanced mode. Motion paths and custom easing give you full control of your animation.
  • 3D – create and manipulate 3D content using the power of CSS3. Rotate objects and 2D designs along any axis, visualizing 3D transformations and translations as you author.
  • Google Integrations – take advantage of other Google products throughout your ad creation process. Browse Google Fonts and pull assets from the Studio Asset Library. Once you finalize your creative, publish it directly to Studio or share the files on Google Drive.
  • Content Creation Tools – create your own designs using the Shape or Pen tools, then easily add text and import assets. Add some polish by fine-tuning element properties.

What you can do with Google Web Designer:

  • Design online ads – Google Web Designer is an advanced web application that lets you design and build HTML5 advertisements and other web content using an integrated visual and code interface. Using Google Web Designer’s Design view, you can create content using drawing tools, text, and 3D objects, and you can animate objects and events on a timeline.
  • Develop code – Google Web Designer’s Code view lets you create CSS, JavaScript, and XML files, and uses syntax highlighting and code autocompletion that makes your code easier to write with fewer errors.
  • Advanced workflows – Once you’re done creating your content, Web Designer provides the tools you need to make your layout responsive across different screen sizes, or add dynamic bindings so you can personalize your ads for your audience.
  • Add media and interactivity – Google Web Designer also provides a set of components that let you add image galleries, videos, maps, and other functionality to your websites and advertisements.
  • All for free – Google Web Designer is free to download, and free to use.

Google Web Designer supports a wide range of display and video ad formats across its advertising platforms. Find the tools you need whether you’re a designer or a developer: a full design suite and the ability to edit HTML, CSS, and JavaScript directly. Switch between Design view and Code view to see how your changes render.

To acquaint yourself in-detail with the certification curriculum you can expand and analyze the table below.

The EITC/WD/GWD Google Web Designer Certification Curriculum references open-access didactic materials in a video form. Learning process is divided into a step-by-step structure (programmes -> lessons -> topics) covering relevant curriculum parts. Unlimited consultancy with domain experts are also provided.
For details on the Certification procedure check How it Works.

Read more
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EITC/WD/WFCE Webflow CMS and eCommerce

Tuesday, 26 January 2021 by admin

EITC/WD/WFCE Webflow CMS and eCommerce Certification is a competence programme in web design based on an advanced and intuitive visual web design platform called Webflow focusing on its CMS and eCommerce components.

The curriculum of the EITC/WD/WFCE Webflow CMS and eCommerce focuses on Content Management System and eCommerce shopping cart features in Webflow organized within the following structure, encompassing comprehensive video didactic content by Webflow as a reference for this EITC Certification.

Webflow is a visual in-browser web designer. It can be classified as a SaaS (Software as a Service) application enabling web design and building responsive websites with an in-browser editor, making it an alternative to standard web design in a code free approch. Webflow however automatically generates HTML, CSS, and JavaScript in a clean and efficient manner, that can be further modified to refine the designed web site or integrate it as part of other web services.

Webflow is a SaaS application that allows designers to build responsive websites with browser-based visual editing software. While designers use the tool, Webflow automatically generates HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Webflow was founded in 2013 by Vlad Magdalin (creator of Intuit Brainstorm), Sergie Magdalin, and Bryant Chou (former CTO of Vungle). The company graduated from Y Combinator’s startup accelerator in 2013. Webflow raised venture funding from Khosla Ventures, Y Combinator, Tim Draper, and other tech industry investors. Webflow has raised a $72 million series A round of funding led by Accel. In January 2021, Webflow raised $140 million in a series B round of funding.

Webflow visual designer’s goal is to allow web developers to experience the power of code without writing it. The platform enables to take control of HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript in a completely visual canvas — with Webflow translating the design into clean, semantic code that’s ready to publish to the web, or be handed off to developers.

Websites built on Webflow are powered by Amazon Cloudfront and hosted on Fastly.

The main features of Webflow are following:

  • Structure: Fill a blank canvas with everything HTML5 has to offer
  • Build with raw ingredients: Drag in unstyled HTML elements for full control, or use pre-built pieces for complex elements like sliders, tabs, background videos, and more
  • Create reusable symbols: Turn nav bars, footers, signup forms, and more into symbols you can change across your whole site with a single edit
  • Create reusable symbols: Turn nav bars, footers, signup forms, and more into symbols you can change across your whole site with a single edit
  • Design with real content: Work directly with CMS data and ecommerce products to build your site with real content — not dummy data

Webflow also inclused Webflow CMS and Webflow Ecommerce.

To acquaint yourself in-detail with the certification curriculum you can expand and analyze the table below.

The EITC/WD/WFCE Webflow CMS and eCommerce Certification Curriculum references open-access didactic materials in a video form. Learning process is divided into a step-by-step structure (programmes -> lessons -> topics) covering relevant curriculum parts. Unlimited consultancy with domain experts are also provided.
For details on the Certification procedure check How it Works.

Read more
No Comments

EITC/WD/WFA Advanced Webflow

Tuesday, 26 January 2021 by admin

EITC/WD/WFA Advanced Webflow Certification is an advanced competence programme in web design based on an advanced and intuitive visual web design platform called Webflow.

The curriculum of the EITC/WD/WFA Advanced Webflow focuses on further advancement in Webflow organized within the following structure, encompassing comprehensive video didactic content by Webflow as a reference for this EITC Certification.

Webflow is a visual in-browser web designer. It can be classified as a SaaS (Software as a Service) application enabling web design and building responsive websites with an in-browser editor, making it an alternative to standard web design in a code free approch. Webflow however automatically generates HTML, CSS, and JavaScript in a clean and efficient manner, that can be further modified to refine the designed web site or integrate it as part of other web services.

Webflow is a SaaS application that allows designers to build responsive websites with browser-based visual editing software. While designers use the tool, Webflow automatically generates HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Webflow was founded in 2013 by Vlad Magdalin (creator of Intuit Brainstorm), Sergie Magdalin, and Bryant Chou (former CTO of Vungle). The company graduated from Y Combinator’s startup accelerator in 2013. Webflow raised venture funding from Khosla Ventures, Y Combinator, Tim Draper, and other tech industry investors. Webflow has raised a $72 million series A round of funding led by Accel. In January 2021, Webflow raised $140 million in a series B round of funding.

Webflow visual designer’s goal is to allow web developers to experience the power of code without writing it. The platform enables to take control of HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript in a completely visual canvas — with Webflow translating the design into clean, semantic code that’s ready to publish to the web, or be handed off to developers.

Websites built on Webflow are powered by Amazon Cloudfront and hosted on Fastly.

The main features of Webflow are following:

  • Structure: Fill a blank canvas with everything HTML5 has to offer
  • Build with raw ingredients: Drag in unstyled HTML elements for full control, or use pre-built pieces for complex elements like sliders, tabs, background videos, and more
  • Create reusable symbols: Turn nav bars, footers, signup forms, and more into symbols you can change across your whole site with a single edit
  • Create reusable symbols: Turn nav bars, footers, signup forms, and more into symbols you can change across your whole site with a single edit
  • Design with real content: Work directly with CMS data and ecommerce products to build your site with real content — not dummy data

Webflow also inclused Webflow CMS and Webflow Ecommerce.

To acquaint yourself in-detail with the certification curriculum you can expand and analyze the table below.

The EITC/WD/WFA Advanced Webflow Certification Curriculum references open-access didactic materials in a video form. Learning process is divided into a step-by-step structure (programmes -> lessons -> topics) covering relevant curriculum parts. Unlimited consultancy with domain experts are also provided.
For details on the Certification procedure check How it Works.

Read more
No Comments

EITC/WD/WFF Webflow Fundamentals

Tuesday, 26 January 2021 by admin

EITC/WD/WFF Webflow Fundamentals Certification is a competence programme in web design based on an advanced and intuitive visual web design platform called Webflow.

The curriculum of the EITC/WD/WFF Webflow Fundamentals focuses on fundamentals and practice in Webflow organized within the following structure, encompassing comprehensive video didactic content by Webflow as a reference for this EITC Certification.

Webflow is a visual in-browser web designer. It can be classified as a SaaS (Software as a Service) application enabling web design and building responsive websites with an in-browser editor, making it an alternative to standard web design in a code free approch. Webflow however automatically generates HTML, CSS, and JavaScript in a clean and efficient manner, that can be further modified to refine the designed web site or integrate it as part of other web services.

Webflow is a SaaS application that allows designers to build responsive websites with browser-based visual editing software. While designers use the tool, Webflow automatically generates HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Webflow was founded in 2013 by Vlad Magdalin (creator of Intuit Brainstorm), Sergie Magdalin, and Bryant Chou (former CTO of Vungle). The company graduated from Y Combinator’s startup accelerator in 2013. Webflow raised venture funding from Khosla Ventures, Y Combinator, Tim Draper, and other tech industry investors. Webflow has raised a $72 million series A round of funding led by Accel. In January 2021, Webflow raised $140 million in a series B round of funding.

Webflow visual designer’s goal is to allow web developers to experience the power of code without writing it. The platform enables to take control of HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript in a completely visual canvas — with Webflow translating the design into clean, semantic code that’s ready to publish to the web, or be handed off to developers.

Websites built on Webflow are powered by Amazon Cloudfront and hosted on Fastly.

The main features of Webflow are following:

  • Structure: Fill a blank canvas with everything HTML5 has to offer
  • Build with raw ingredients: Drag in unstyled HTML elements for full control, or use pre-built pieces for complex elements like sliders, tabs, background videos, and more
  • Create reusable symbols: Turn nav bars, footers, signup forms, and more into symbols you can change across your whole site with a single edit
  • Create reusable symbols: Turn nav bars, footers, signup forms, and more into symbols you can change across your whole site with a single edit
  • Design with real content: Work directly with CMS data and ecommerce products to build your site with real content — not dummy data

Webflow also inclused Webflow CMS and Webflow Ecommerce.

To acquaint yourself in-detail with the certification curriculum you can expand and analyze the table below.

The EITC/WD/WFF Webflow Fundamentals Certification Curriculum references open-access didactic materials in a video form. Learning process is divided into a step-by-step structure (programmes -> lessons -> topics) covering relevant curriculum parts. Unlimited consultancy with domain experts are also provided.
For details on the Certification procedure check How it Works.

Read more
No Comments
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